The study, “Effect of a Novel Enteral Nutrition Mixture with Probiotics versus Standard Enteral Nutrition on Gastrointestinal Complications in Critically Ill Surgical Patients: A Single-Centre Randomised Controlled Trial,” was carried out by Sergey V. Kapralov, et al. in the Journal of Human Nutrition and Probiotics.
This randomised controlled trial conducted in critically ill patients recovering from abdominal surgery found that a novel probiotic-enriched tube feeding formula reduced serious gut complications dramatically compared to standard enteral nutrition — with no cases of diarrhoea recorded in the probiotic group, against a 60% rate in the control group — though the authors caution that the two formulas also differed in their nutritional composition, making it impossible to attribute the benefit to probiotics alone.